Institutions,Entrepreneurship, and Growth: Biomedicine and Polymers in Sweden and Ohio

This paper examines the role of institutions in explaining the differences in performance with respect to entrepreneurship and growth in two industry clusters in two countries: the biomedical/biotechnology and polymer-based industry clusters in Sweden and Ohio. Both clusters are about twice as large in Ohio as in Sweden, even though the industrial history and the composition of industrial output in general are quite similar in the two regions, and even though the Ohio economy is only about 25% larger than that of Sweden.Four types of institutional factors are examined: The science base and mechanisms of technology transfer; the density of networks and the role of business support services and companies in related industries; the entrepreneurial climate, especially the availability of finance; and the policy environment and other infrastructure.Major findings are that the science base plays a different role in the two clusters and that the regions differ in the absorption of new technology, partly due to the differences in the size and structure of firms, that bridging institutions have contributed significantly to connectivity of networks in Ohio, and that the greater availability of venture capital and entrepreneurial management skills makes the Ohio environment for entrepreneurship more supportive than that in Sweden.     

基于公用GSM网的数据传输系统的设计与应用

文章分析了无线数据传输的工作原理,给出了利用公用GSM网络的SMS功能进行数据传输的实现方案,介绍了基于单片机系统的的远程无线温度采集传输系统,具体包括:电路设计、软件流程、测试结果。此系统设计采用了Dallas的数字温度传感器DS18B20和SMS模块,采用太阳能电池供电,适合于野外环境使用。     

"隐形冠军"的市场垄断及其对我国中小企业的启示

“隐形冠军”能够在所在市场中处于垄断地位，有其深刻的原因。分析他们取得成功的经验，对我国中小企业的进一步发展具有很大的意义。     

美元汇率周期及美元走势分析

本文首先研究了美元汇率的波动情况,指出美元汇率呈周期波动,并分析了引起这种周期波动的长期因素和短期因素。在此基础上,结合目前美国的经济现状,对美元近期和长期的走势进行了分析得出美元短期小幅看涨,长期走势较为平稳的结论。     

循环经济的资金循环障碍及其对策分析

本文基于我国国情分析了循环经济实施的资金循环障碍,提出解决路径,并分析对经济发展的影响。低价甚至无价使用资源环境,不仅导致资源快速耗竭和生态环境恶化,而且客观上阻碍了知识经济的发展。实施刺激循环经济的积极财政政策,不仅对缓和资源消耗过快和环境问题是必要的,而且对促进产业结构调整,扩大就业,增强企业国际竞争力等当前我国经济面临的紧迫问题的解决有积极意义。     

在我国利率市场化改革中金融约束思想的运用

利率市场化是指由资金市场的供求关系来决定利率水平，政府放弃对利率的直接行政干预，作为一项宏观金融制度的变迁，必然会引起社会经济结构的重新整合和不同利益集团的利益重构，在带来巨大收益的同时，也具有极大的社会成本。根据经济人假设，利率市场化能否进行，主要取决于现行利率体制与改革后市场化利率体制之间收益与成本的差额比较。假定R1、C1、R2、C2分别代表现行利率体制与改革后市场化利率体制的收益和成本，则利率市场化能否进行的必要条件是（R2—C2）—（R1—C1）〉0，即利率市场化后的纯收益优于非利率市场化的纯收益。     

集团公司现金回收管理系统的建立与控制

中国经过20多年改革开放的风雨历程，正在进入竞争日趋激烈的世界大市场，融入国际经济大循环。在现代企业制度相继建立后，要在竞争中取胜，必须彻底转变在计划经济体制下的行政性、经验性、粗放型的管理模式，使之向市场化、知识化、集约化的方向发展，实现经营管理的现代化。随着科学技术不断进步，市场竞争日益激烈，生产经营日趋复杂，企业规模不断扩大，跨地区、跨行业经营的集团公司不断涌现，这就对集团公司的管理提出了较高的要求。本文只探讨集团公司的现金回收管理问题。     

公用事业市场化的国际经验

传统上，全世界的公用事业大都是由政府直接投资，垄断经营的。20世纪80年代以来，一些国家开始了公用事业民营化进程。需要特别说明的是，特许经营只是民营化的一种形式，但是这种形式目前使用最为广泛，得到多数国家的认可。     

The economic law of population distribution and migration

"The economic law of population distribution and migration has been studied chiefly based on the Chinese situation. The distribution and development of productive forces decide the distribution and migration of population, and in turn, the latter influences the former. The population distributions in three different stages of social development, namely agricultural, industrial and information society, are described. A new concept in population economics is introduced, i.e. population economic density, which is different from the concept of population density. The formula of population economic density is P(population)/R(resources). Many kinds of migration are analysed, and it is believed that the main efficient cause of migration is economy."     

低负荷维氏硬度法的负荷选择

本文按照维氏硬度测定的技术条件,将基本公式H_v=1854P/D~2加以变换,从而得到一些较为简单的数学关系式.利用这些关系式,可以对不同金属薄带材料,很容易计算出较合理的负荷大小,既能保证不被"打穿",也使视场内有一个适合观测的压痕图象.